Thursday, October 25, 2018


The poet laureate is unknown in his own town
This was 1985, I was then working with Bokaro Steel and beginning to realize that I could write tolerable poems in English. Sunday Magazine of The Telegraph had a special appeal for me. The renowned poet Jayanta Mahapatra edited and published new poets in English on that one page every week. He was among the doyen of English poetry in India along with Nissim Ezekiel, Pritish Nandi, Kamala Das, A K Ramanujam, Keki Daruwala and others. He was, interestingly, a Professor of Physics and had been awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award for English poetry. 
Like all poet-aspirants, I used to assiduously send my poems to The Telegraph, fervently hoping that some day one of my poems would grace the poetry page. Six months of opening the Sunday paper with great expectations, and feel the dejection became almost a weekly routine. In sheer frustration, I wrote a rather acidic letter to Mr Mahapatra asking him whether he actually read the poems, and what did it take for an unpublished poet to break in to his editorial bastion. 
Surprisingly, within a week came this inland letter, with very kind advice to read more poetry, write more, how pain was the lot of all poets and lastly, not to lose hope. In subsequent letters, he traced his late entry in to poetry. One Sunday, there it was, my first poem in the Sunday Magazine! I continued to write poems, send the to different magazines, had the occasional success. Much later did I realise that I had shared the poetry pages of The Telegraph Sunday Magazine with some poets who would later emerge as stars in the firmament of English poetry in India- Tabish Khair, Makarand Paranjpe! I was juggling my job and an evening M Tech from IIT-ISM that required me to travel 120km round trip from Bokaro Steel City and Dhanbad. Poetry continued and the zenith of my 'poetic career' was when Jayanta Mahapatra chose five of my poems called 'Cityscapes' and that entire page was dedicated to my poems, instead of five poets who got published every week! A couple of years later, Kamala Das published three of my poems in the poetry page of Femina. Heady days for a poet whose profession was engineering in a steel plant!
Letters went back and forth, mine seeking advice, probably cribbing about the lot of poets. His letters in pearl like script, perfectly formed with nary a correction, would be empathetic, caring and often, sharing his own experiences of failure. These letters never ceased to inspire me. He was a benign Drona to my ardent Ekalavya!
In January 1989, we were passing through Cuttack during a car trip to Chilika Lake. I begged my friends for an extra couple of hours, and rushed to the area called Tinkoniya Bagicha, where he lived. In my excitement, while buying cigarettes I left my camera at the shop and rushed off. Greater disappointment awaited me- the poet was out of station! I remember the house having a beautiful, well-kept garden with a clump of ornamental bamboo, shrubs and flowering plants. His wife Jyotsna was very graceful and kind, and offered to show me his study. Thus ended my attempt to meet the poet.
Years rolled on, my poetic career dwindled, because somewhere in early 1990s Telegraph closed its poetry page, so did Femina. They had more interesting things like semi-clad paragons of female pulchritude to publish for the more 'discerning' readers! Poetry does not sell, I concluded. 
My letters to Jayanta Mahapatra tapered off, busy as I was with my career, my foray in to doctoral research at IIT Kharagpur, followed by career change from steel company to academia! The font of poetry dwindled to a sporadic dribble. One day I read that he had been awarded the Padma Shri, and later he had returned the honour in protest of rising intolerance in India! 
In 2015, I realised that my career was nearing retirement and the unrequited love for poetry came back with a rush. I compiled my poems, got Jayanta Mahapatra' s telephone number through an old friend from Cuttack. I called him up, and to my surprise, he remembered me well enough to track my movement over the last nearly two decades. He readily agreed to read my poems, and I sent him a bound manuscript. A month later came a generous foreword, typed on his own manual typewriter with minute details of many poems explained! Thrilled as I was, it completely eluded me that he had not signed the document. A famous worldwide publishing house returned my manuscript, with a note of rejection, "...... foreword by Jayanta Mahapatra notwithstanding". So much for my bucket-list of publishing my book of poems!
One morning I just called him and asked him whether he would be free to meet me for a few hours during the next Sunday. When he agreed, I promptly booked the tickets, booked a hotel near the Cuttack railway station. Saturday I boarded the train for the four hour journey from Kharagpur to Cuttack. Sunday morning was spent in getting a print out of his foreword. It was around 1.45pm that I landed up in Tinkoniya Bagicha. The place is named after a small triangular park. Where is the park, I thought, as I looked around and trying to remember the location of his house. The park had vanished under a load of garbage, and an ugly electrical transformer lorded over this once green triangle! 
The next one hour was spent in enquiring about the location of his house, at a paan shop, a tailor, a grocery, auto rickshaw driver, tea shop, sweet shop, assorted pedestrians and so on in a two hundred metre radius of the park that was a garbage dump and existed as an address. To help I added, professor at Ravenshaw College, famous poet, Padma Shri, and an old inhabitant of this locality. Responses fell under, "Jayanta who?", "Do not know!", "Not in this locality" and "Are you sure it is Tinkoniya Bagicha?" Thereafter, one helpful individual pointed out that there was one reputed lawyer, Jayanta Rath and perhaps I had mistaken the surname. While I was cycling through Rath, Mahanty, Swain, Panda and host of Odiya surnames with first name Jayanta who probably lived in this area, realisation dawned that the poet laureate, feted abroad, awarded and honoured with  Padmashri in 2009 for literature  (which he returned in 2015 as a gesture of protest against 'growing intolerance'. of the country) was virtually unknown hundred meters from his home of sixty years! So much for preserving our cultural heritage and remembering our cultural icons!
Overhearing my persistent enquiries, a casual bystander walked up to me and asked, "Poet and professor, you said, famous, aah!" Then followed very specific directions to a an old gate in a small lane which I must have crossed at least four times over the past hour!
The gate, the garden overgrown and neglected, especially the ornamental bamboo near the entrance brought back memories of the visit twenty nine years ago. The poet greeted me warmly, as if we had met only the other day, and not for the first time. What ensued was a long conversation, mostly mine -questions seeking explanation. All my pent up angst about poetry and life in general spilled out in a torrent and with his abiding patience, Jayantad da responded.
What was amazing that Jayanta da, just a month away from his 90th birthday, had overcome his grief of losing his wife about ten years ago and the harshest blow of losing his sixty two year old son, his only child, two years ago! He continued to lead a meaningful life, write poems, correspond and meet people. Amazing fortitude! My salute to the poet and above all, superb human being!

Thursday, September 20, 2018

Life and Circle of Karma

Life and ageing
Some people, with age
grow mellow, acquire
a distinct flavour,
like whisky.
Others, turn acidic and bitter,
like bad wine
turning into vinegar!

Circle of karma
Long ago, in a moment
of unreasoned fear, and helplessness
that gave rise to childish anger,
I had spewed out a sentence, an accusation
hurtful to the core and painful.
Only the other day
in defending a 'cause'
you spat out words,
a vicious indictment.
In fifty years, this completes the
circle of karma.
--
If I could forget the anniversary
of my mother's passing away;
I'm certain, you'd forget mine too
and that  would complete the
circle of karma 
--
A stranger had 
shown kindness, offered 
a few words of encouragement, 
quite unexpected, almost
en passant.
I try to offer the same,
small gestures, a small help
and hope  to complete a positive
circle of karma. 
--

Why Bengalis love the humble tuber

Potato is a tuber called solanum tuberosum, brought to Europe from South America in the 16th century by the Spanish conquistadores. The English called it potato, after the Spanish name patata. Its cultivation spread across Europe over the centuries. Some sociologists have even called it the fuel for the industrial revolution. The Portuguese introduced potatoes to the west coast in India in late seventeenth century and called it batata. The British introduced it to Bengal in the 1800s when they started the residency at Kolkata and slowly enlarged their reach. They called it aloo, and the etymology is uncertain. It travelled through Bihar, UP to the northern hills by the end of the nineteenth century, and even reached Tibet through the trade routes.  Potato is the fourth largest crop in the world, and India is the second largest producer. China and India together produce close to 40% of the world's output.
On being the first to get it from the gora sahebs, and finding that it grows well, Bengalis fell in love with this lowly tuber. They are obsessed with potatoes and use them in virtually every possible dish, except may be the chutney! Starting with a breakfast of luchi (puri) and aloor tarkari or aloor dum, through lunch which can include the humble aloo bhatey(mashed potatoes), aloo bhaja (fried potatoes), and be included in every other dish including machher jhol (fish curry) or even mangshor jhol (mutton curry). Bengalis add potatoes to thicken the mutton jhol, considered almost runny by northerners!
The aloo bhaja needs special mention- it can range from diced, cut straight like french fries, rings, and even thinnest straws- each with its own set of spices. The season's first baby potatoes fried in their skin is a treat in itself. Alu-posto (potato and paste of poppy seed husk) is another dish which makes almost every Bengali salivate. Nothing compares to the sheer bliss of a post-lunch siesta on a Sunday, especially if the menu includes some posto dish like aloo-posto, jhingey (spined gourd)-posto or poshto-bora. Posto has a sordid history. The British employed all unholy methods to force the farmers in the Gangetic plains to grow only poppy, to extract opium which was then shipped to China and exchanged for silver and tea. This unholy trade led to the so-called Boxer Rebellion, and the word 'gunboat diplomacy' was born when British warships bombarded  the Imperial Chinese fleet near Hong Kong to continue with their opium trade. Unable to grow vegetables, some Bengali farmer may have discovered that the husk of the poppy seed can be used to prepare a curry and it had mild sedative properties. So posto became a part of the Bengali cuisine, under duress!
The evening snacks can revolve round aloo chop or potato slices dipped in gram flour (besan) batter and  fried with slices of brinjal and seasonal vegetables. Dinner can be an encore for the curries in lunch.
Legend has it that the last Nawab of Oudh, Wajid Ali Shah was banished to what was then outskirts of Kolkata by the British. His favourite khansama added potato to the famous Awadhi biryani to increase the volume, as the dire straits of the imprisoned nawab did not allow for much mutton. And so, the lowly potato ensconced itself  as an integral part of the biryani recipe of Kolkata, and thus giving it a character of its own. This is particularly disliked by the lovers of Hyderabadi Biryani, and frowned upon by the purists of the Awadhi biryani. But then the Awadhi cuisine also looks down upon the Hyderabadi cousin for using too many spices and essence in abundance!
Although aloo paratha is a staple food in entire northern India, made in fried or tandoor form round the round clock and round the year- northerners actually protest if there are too many potato dishes! Bihar suffered tremendously during the long rule of Laloo Yadav. He is said to have proclaimed that "Laloo would rule Bihar as long as there are aloo in the stuffing of singhara (samosa to the rest of India)". Fortunately, aloo still remains the favourite stuffing in singharas in Bihar and Bengal, but Laloo has long since lost the political battle, and is shuttling from one jail to another, and being probably fed aloo subzi in some jail.
The Mumbaikar loves his batata vada, but would probably baulk if too much of it appeared in his daily diet. In Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra and Telangana all masala dosas receive a filling of mainly aloo, but it is not preferred  as a vegetable to be included in the daily diet! Which is strange, because these states seem to have accepted tomatoes, carrots, beetroot, french beans- all later imports, and some of them recent, in to their cuisine. So the poor aloo languishes at the fringes and is out of favour. Incidentally these four states together hardly produce any potato! Bengal or is it Bangla now, is probably the second largest potato crop on the country and the four southern states hardly produce any significant crop of potatoes.

Thursday, July 19, 2018

Conversations with cab drivers


Most of us while travelling in cabs, over distances long or short, tend to treat the driver as non-existent; as if we are in our personal cocoons and the driver was outside that barrier, and hence does not matter. From the flip side, the driver, if not stone deaf, is privy to all our conversations either over phone or that with our co-passengers and witness to our emotions, expressions and behaviour, aurally or over the rear-view mirror, if not completely blind! All company executives will agree, the root of the company grapevine starts with the boss's driver!
I  always find excuses to start a conversation with the cab-driver, especially when travelling alone, and more often than not, found a font of human experiences, and surprisingly, wisdom. There are some laconic examples too, who simply refuse to go along.
This was late summer of 1997, and my Sardarji driver in the 45 minutes from Calcutta Airport gave an exposition on how Gary Kasparov, World no.1 in chess, was beaten by Deep Blue, the IBM computer. That incident was initiation in this hobby.
During the demonetization, I was in a cab in Mumbai and a call came. The driver apologized and said, "Gharwali kaa phone hai, lena parega, sahab"- "Sir, I have to take this phone from my wife". As expected, the lady of the house was complaining about lack of cash, and the consequent problems. The driver very patiently explained that he was driving, and he could either earn cash by driving or stand in a queue to get it. With a mild sigh and a smile, he explained to me the link between this act of the government and black economy etc. He assured me that this was a temporary discomfort which all honest Indian citizen must endure for the greater good of the country. I laughed and told him that if we were in the jam much longer, the fare would be more than what cash I had. Both of us laughed.
Last year my cab driver dropping me at the airport, a young educated youth from the hinterland promised to stand for state elections in 10 years as an MLA. He counted off the milestones towards his goal. Amazing! 
Of all the places, at Aalborg, Denmark I was being dropped at the airport by a Polish immigrant. The topic went right to Mr. Amitabh Bachhan, the moment my nationality was established, and then a critical review of the movie 'Pink', its plot, cinematography, Big B's baritone  all in the 30-minute ride!
Last month, I called up a radio cab over the app at Kolkata. The allotted driver, the confirmation message said was good for an  interesting chat. I politely asked him whether this was his own car. I was treated to an insightful journey through- performance of Swift Dzire versus Hyundai Xcent Versus Toyota Etios; the Ola-Uber business models  and how they had slowly captured the market through slowly changing the incentives of owner-drivers. The most interesting thing he said was that many educated, unemployed  youth find it a dignified profession with social acceptance. The stigma is gone and he said he enjoyed talking to his passengers. He asked me what I did for a living, and topic somehow veered to motorcycles, and what else, Royal Enfield Bullet! At the end of the journey all Rs 423 of it ended with two proud owners of Bullet motorcycles parting as friends!
Last week I was in the northern reaches of the country, where a fellow  academic had asked me and some other oldies to for help in faculty selection. Half a day was spare and four of us hopped onto a cab to visit the local sights. I was having a conversation with my friend about the thousands of small sub-plots which made Mahabharata such an epic, and that makes Paradise Lost look like a short story! I mispronounced a name, and the driver with a soft cough and apology pronounced it correctly! Then we got in to this animated debate as to why Babruvahan, Arjun's son by Chitrangada, the princess of Manipur did not fight in the war against Kauravas; why Uloopi's son Iravan did; why did Barbarik, Ghatotkach's son and Bhima's grandson, agree to get beheaded, and so forth! What ensued was a treat for those who love this epic, and this man had an encyclopedic knowledge, and that was humbling! On a parting note, he said he was a Yadava, and Yadavas have always had a major role in Indian politics since ancient times. We parted as fellow readers of Mahabharata, with an agreement to continue with this discussion in my next visit.
I do not look forward to having driverless cabs with AI in the driver's seat, no matter what Google or Tesla do!